Why is the Tongue of a Moth So Long?
The tongues of some moths and butterflies are as long as their bodies. This is a wonderful adaptation of nature, enabling the insect to obtain its food.
The nectar, which is the food of these butterflies and moths, is produced in the deep, hidden pockets (nectaries) of flowers. By unrolling the tongue and thrusting it down into the far recesses of the flower, the insect is able to reach the nectar and suck it up.
This long tube has been developed in the course of ages from the jaws of the creature. Each jaw is drawn out into a long threadlike body, convex on the outer surface and concave on the inner side. Together they form a tube admirably suited for their purpose and even the nectar in the very long narrow bells of sonic flowers is within reach of the long tongue.
When at rest the tongue is coiled up spirally like the mainspring of a watch, but it is always ready and can be shot out in an instant.
The adaptation of the insect to the flower also works the other way, and in the course of ages the flower has been adapting its form to the creature with the long tongue; for, while it gives up nectar to the insect, it requires a service in return. It is by these insects that the plant is pollinated to produce seeds that will carry on the race for another generation.
In seeking the nectar the insect collects pollen from the stamens of one flower, and when it goes to another flower the pollen on its body is rubbed off on the pistil, so fertilizing it.
